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Traditionally, Galata
comprises that quarter which occupies the slopes leading town from
old Pera to the Golden Horn and the Lower Bosphorus.In modern times
the name of this section has been changed to Karakoy, but old
residents of the town still refer to it by its ancient name.
The town of Galata took its present form chiefly under the
Genoese.After the reconquest of Constantinople from the Latins in
1261, the Byzantine emperors granted the district to the Genoese as
a semi-independent colony with its own podesta, or governor,
appointed by the senate of Genoa.Although they were expanding its
area and fortificationsfor more than a hundred years.Sections of
these walls and towers still exist here and there as do several
Roman Catholic churches whose dates of foundation go back to the
14th century.
One of the city's most striking landmarks is the Galata Tower, whose
huge, cone-capped form dominates the skyline on the Galata side of
the Golden Horn.This tower was the apex of the fortifications of
Genoese Galata.Originally known as the Tower of Christ, it was built
in 1348 in connection with the first expansion of the Genoese
colony.The tower was thoroughly rebuilt several times during the
Ottoman period and in the past decade it has been superbly
restored.It was opened to the public in 1967 and has now a modern
restorant and cafe on its upper floors; from there one commands a
magnificent view of Istanbul and its surrounding waters
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